# Systems a) What is the difference between a complex and a complicated system? b) Why is diversity an issue for GA, and how can it be controlled? # GA 1. Why is diversity an issue, and how can it be controlled? 2. Name 3 genetic operators that are used in Genetic Algorithms 3. What problems can be solved with Genetic algorithms? # SOM 1. Explain the reason for the following characteristics of the SOM training process, how they can be used/interpreted during data analysis: a) magnification factors b) border effect 2. Describe how correlation of attribute can be visualized (something like that) 3. Describe local topology violation and what we can learn from them. # SI 1. Describe parameters of PSO (w,c1,c2) 2. Explain aspects of exploration and intensification and relate them the parameters.