Uni Wien:Einführung in die Psycholinguistik VO (Lukacs)/Alte Prüfungsfragen (VO Psycholinguistik)

Prüfung vom 1. Termin WS2013

Gruppe A:

• What is a linguistic universal? Give an example.
• Give an example of a garden path sentence. What is it good for?
• Describe the Derivational Theory of Complexity.
• What is the phonemic restoration effect and what can be shown with it?
• What is telegraphic speech? At which stage of language acquisition does it occur?
• What is the mutual exclusivity constraint?
• What is the principle of late closure? Give an example.
• What is a critical period? Give 2 arguments for it.
• What is a lemma? Give an example.
• Describe Wernicke's aphasia! Which brain areas are involved?
• Define priming. What can be shown with it?
• Describe split-brain patients!
• What is the preferential looking paradigm?
• List 2 areas where verbal short term-memory capacity influence performance! How?
• What is semantic transparency in morphological complex words and how does it affect processing? Give examples of transparent and nontransperent forms.

Essays (choose 2, max. 1 page):

• Describe the developmental pathway of lexical acquisition. What is the basic problem of the acquisition of word meanings, and what solutions have been offered?
• What possible interpretations are there for the notion of "grammatical rule"? List arguments & counterarguments for each.
• What is the autonomy of syntax in sentence processing, and how does it contrast with interactive models? Why are ambiguous sentences a good testing ground?
• List empirical evidence for the position that stems and suffixes have independent representations. Under what conditions are multimorphemic words stored as one unit? (analytic vs. holistic word storage)
• What models are there for lexical access of ambiguous words? Enumerate empirical evidence for each.

Gruppe B:

• Define categorial perception. Give an example as well.
• List 4 of Slobin's operating principles for language acquisition.
• Describe the symptoms of Broca's aphasia. What brain area is involved?
• What is surface structure and deep structure? Give an example that argues for the separation of the two.
• Define double dissociation.
• What is the phonemic restoration effect and what can be shown with it?
• What is phonologically transparency in morphologically complex words and how does it affect processing? Give examples of transparent and nontransparent forms.
• What is overextension? Give a semantic and a grammatical example.
• What is the principle of minimal attachment? Give an Illustration.
• What is the "whole object constraint"?
• What is vocabulary spurt/explosion & when does is occur?
• What is syntactc priming? Illustrate.
• List 4 characters of child directed speech.
• What is the principle of conventionality in word learning?
• What is a dichotic listening task and what is it good for?

Essays (choose 2, max. 1 page):

• Describe the developmental pathway of lexical acquisition. What is the Basic Problem of the acquisition of word meanings, and what Solutions have been offered?
• What possible interpretations are there for the notion of "grammatical rule"? List arguments & counterarguments for each.
• What is the autonomy of syntax in sentence processing, and how does it contrast with interactive models? Why are ambiguous sentences a good testing ground?
• List empirical evidence for the position that stems and suffixes have independent representations. Under what conditions are multimorphemic words stored as one unit? (analytic vs. holistic word storage)
• What models are there for lexical access of ambiguous words? Enumerate empirical evidence for each.

Prüfung vom 4. Termin WS2012

Gruppe A:

(2 points each)

• What is a linguistic universal? Give an example.
• Give an example of a garden-path-sentence. What is it good for?
• What is a critical period? Give 2 arguments for it.
• Describe the Derivational Theory of Complexity.
• What is the phonemic restoration effect and what can be shown with it?
• What is a lemma? Give an example.
• Define priming. What can be shown with it?
• Wernicke's aphasia and what brain areas are involved?
• List 4 properties of modules.
• What is the principle of late closure? Give an example.
• What is the mutual exclusivity constraint?
• What is telegraphic speech? At which stage of language acquisition does it occur?
• List 4 factors that influence word recognition.
• 'What is the preferential looking paradigm?
• Describe split-brain patients!

(choose 2 essays, 10 points each)

• Describe the developmental pathway of lexical acquisition. What is the Basic Problem of the acquisition of word meanings, and what Solutions have been offered?
• What possible interpretations are there for the Notion of "grammatical rule"? List arguments and counterarguments for each.
• What is the autonomy of Syntax in the sentence processing and how does it contrast with interactive models? Why areambiguous sentences a good testing ground?
• What models are there for lexical access of ambiguous words? Enumerate empirical evidence for each.
• What is the linguistic relativy hypothesis? What evidence is there for and against?

Prüfung vom 3. Termin WS2012

Gruppe B:

• Define categorial perception. Give an example as well.
• What is the mapping/induction/gavagai problem?
• Describe the symptoms of Broca's aphasia. What brain area is involved?
• What is surface structure and deep structure? Give an example that argues for the separation of the two.
• Define double dissociation.
• What is the McGurk illusion, and what does it suggest?
• List 4 factors that influence sentence processing.
• What is Berko's wug-test, and what can you examine with the help of it?
• What is the principle of Minimal Attachment? An an illustration.
• What is the taxonomic contraint?
• What is syntactic bootstrapping?
• Define uniqueness point, and how does it affect word recognition?
• Define cohort.
• What is the Poverty of Stimulus argument?
• What is a dichotic listening task and what is it good for?

(2pts each)

Essays:

• Present the nativist/innatist approach to language acquisition, and the arguments supporting that position. Introduce arguments against this position as well.
• What types of empirical evidence are used in developing models of language production? Present one model in detail, together with evidence supporting it.
• What is the autonomy of syntax in sentence processing, and how does it contrast with interactive models? Why are ambiguous sentences a good testing ground?
• What are the differences between human and animal communication systems? List 5 and explain what they mean.

(choose 2 essays, 10pts per essay, write a summary, 1-1/5 pages)

Prüfung vom 2. Termin WS2012

Gruppe A:

• What is a lemma? Give an example.
• Give an example of a garden-path-sentence. What is it good for?
• What is a critical period? Give 2 arguments for it.
• Describe the Derivational Theory of Complexity.
• What is the phonemic restoration effect and what can be shown with it?
• Define priming. What can be shown with it?
• Wernicke's aphasia and what brain areas are involved?
• List 4 factors that influence word recognition.
• What is the principle of late closure? Give an example.
• What is a linguistic universal? Give an example.
• What is the mutual exclusivity constraint?
• What is telegraphic speech? At which stage of language acquisition does it occur?
• Describe split-brain patients!
• What is the preferential looking paradigm?
• List 4 properties of modules.

Essays (choose 2 essays, 10pts per each):

• Describe the developmental pathway of lexical acquisition. What is the basic problem of the acquisition of word meanings, and what solutions have been offered?
• What is the linguistic relativity hypothesis? What evidence is there for and against?
• What possible interpretations are there for the notion of "grammatical rule"? List arguments and counterarguments for each!
• What models are there for lexical access of ambiguous words? Enumerate empirical evidence for each.
• List empirical evidence for the position that stems and suffixes have independent representations. Under what conditions are multimorphemic words stored as one unit? (analytic vs. holistic word storage)

Gruppe B:

• Define categorical perception. + Example.
• List 4 of Slobin's operating principles for language acquisition.
• Describe the symptoms of Broca's aphasia. What brain area is involved?
• What is surface structure and deep structure? Give example that argues for the seperation of the two.
• Define double dissociation.
• What is the McGurk Illusion and what does it suggest?
• List 4 factors that influence sentence processing.
• What is Berko's Wug-test, and what can you examine with the help of it?
• What is the principle of minimal attachment? Give an Illustration.
• What is the "whole object constraint"?
• What are spoonerisms? Give an example.
• What is syntactc priming? Illustrate.
• List 4 characteristics of child-directed speech.
• What is the poverty of the Stimulus Argument?
• What is a dichotic listenig Task and what is it good for?

Essays (choose 2 essays, 10pts per each):

• Describe the developmental pathway of lexical acquisition. What is the Basic Problem of the acquisition of word meanings, and what Solutions have been offered?
• What possible interpretations are there for the Notion of "grammatical rule"? List arguments and counterarguments for each.
• What is the autonomy of Syntax in the sentence processing and how does it contrast with interactive models? Why areambiguous sentences a good testing ground?
• List empirical evidence for the Position that stems and Suffixes have independent representations. Under what conditions are multimorphemic words stored as one unit?
• What is the linguistic relativy hypothesis? What evidence is there for and against?

Prüfung vom 4. Termin WS2011

Gruppe B

• Define categorial perception. Give an example as well.
• What is the mapping/induction/gavagai problem?
• Describe the symptoms of Broca's aphasia. What brain area is involved?
• What is surface structure and deep structure? Give an example that argues for the separation of the two.
• Define double dissociation.
• What is the McGurk illusion, and what does it suggest?
• List 4 factors that influence sentence processing.
• What is Berko's wug-test, and what can you examine with the help of it?
• What is the principle of Minimal Attachment? An an illustration.
• What is the taxonomic contraint?
• What is syntactic bootstrapping?
• Define uniqueness point, and how does it affect word recognition?
• Define cohort.
• What is the Poverty of Stimulus argument?
• What is a dichotic listening task and what is it good for?

(2pts each)

Essays:

• Present the nativist/innatist approach to language acquisition, and the arguments supporting that position. Introduce arguments against this position as well.
• What types of empirical evidence are used in developing models of language production? Present one model in detail, together with evidence supporting it.
• What is the autonomy of syntax in sentence processing, and how does it contrast with interactive models? Why are ambiguous sentences a good testing ground?
• What are the differences between human and animal communication systems? List 5 and explain what they mean.

(choose 2 essays, 10pts per essay)

Prüfung vom 2. Termin WS2011

Gruppe A:

• two sentence
  
• size von neighbourhood
  
• contrast theory (anm.: wohl eher constraint theory)
  
• lemma
  
• garden-path und was man damit forscht
  
• late closure
  
• logogen
  
• bootstrapping modell der semantik
  

Essays (A)

• autonomy of syntax
  
• innate language acquisition
  
• human and animal speech

Gruppe B:

• catgorical perception
  
• gavagai problem
  
• Broca's aphasia
  
• double association (Anm.: wohl eher double dissociation?)
  
• surface vs.deep structure
  
• 4 factors influencing sentence processing
  
• berko's wug-test
  
• minimal attachment and give an illustration
  
• taxonomic constraint
  
• syntactic bootstrapping
  
• uniqueness point
  
• what is cohort
  
• poverty of stimulus
  
• dichotic listening task
  

‎Essays (B)

• nativist model
  
• 1 model of language production in detail
  
• autonomy of the syntax and ambigous sentences
  
• human vs. animal communication - give 5 examples of differences!
  

Prüfung vom 1. Termin WS2011

• What is a linguistic universal? Give an example.
• What is a lemma? Give an example.
• Describe semantic/syntactic bootsrapping.
• Give an example of a garden-path-sentence.
• What is a critical periode?
• What is the principal of a late closure? Give an illustration.